U-value calculator

A U-value measures how effective a building element (like a wall, roof, or window) is as an insulator. It represents the rate of heat transfer through one square metre of the element for every degree of temperature difference between the inside and outside.

The lower the U-value, the better the insulation.

Why U-values matter

Understanding U-values helps you:

  1. Compare materials: See the difference between 100mm and 200mm of insulation.
  2. Calculate savings: Estimate how much heat you will stop from escaping.
  3. Check compliance: Ensure your renovations meet the UK Building Regulations (Part L).

Target U-values (UK Building Regs)

ElementTarget U-value (W/m²K)
New Roof0.15
New Wall0.18
New Floor0.18
New Window1.40

How to use the calculator

To estimate the U-value of your wall or roof, you will need to know:

  • The thickness of each layer (e.g., 100mm of brick, 50mm of air, 100mm of block).
  • The material type of each layer (to determine its thermal conductivity or R-value).

Calculation formula: The U-value is the inverse of the sum of all the thermal resistances (R-values) of the layers: U = 1 / (R1 + R2 + R3 + …)

Interactive Calculator

Layers (from outside to inside)


While this tool provides a good estimate, for official purposes (such as building control or grant applications), a qualified surveyor or architect should perform a formal U-value calculation using specialized software.